Power supply

ABSTRACT

In one aspect, the present invention provides a universal power supply for wired and wireless electronic devices. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a universal power supply that is reconfigurable to provide a wide range of power supply options.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to power supplies and more particularly topower supplies capable of supplying power to a variety of alternativedevices.

There continues to be dramatic growth in the use of portable electronicdevices, such as laptops, personal digital assistants, cellular phones,smart phones and portable media players. Although a variety of standardshave been developed for providing wireless communication with electronicdevices, many of these devices continue to be plagued by the need for apower supply that is connected to the electronic device by a cord.Typically, each power supply includes a power adapter for converting ACmains power into the DC power required by the device along with cordsfor connecting the input of the adapter to a wall outlet and the outputof the adapter to the electronic device. In some cases, a plug extendsfrom the adapter so that the adapter plugs directly into a wall outletand only a single cord from the adapter to the electronic device isrequired (See FIG. 1). Power adapters (often referred to as “bricks”)are relatively heavy and occupy a large amount of space. Conventionalpower supply systems suffer from a variety of disadvantages. Forexample, the power supply with adapter and associated cords is a burdento use, store and carry around as needed. In use, cords create anunsightly and often unmanageable mess. Further, when connected, cordsimpede device mobility. With multiple portable devices, a user may berequired to carry around multiple power supplies, including multiplepower adapters and multiple cord sets. This only compounds the problem.

In an effort to reduce the problem, “universal” power supplies have beendeveloped. Efforts to provide a universal power solution are complicatedby a variety of practical difficulties. One of these difficulties arisesbecause different portable electronic devices have different powerrequirements. A conventional universal power supply includes a singlepower adapter that is capable of providing power to multiple devices.For example, a conventional universal power supply is illustrated inFIG. 2. In this embodiment, the power supply includes a power adapterhaving multiple power outlet ports. The power adapter is configured tosupply a predetermined amount of power to each outlet port. Variouselectronic devices, such as laptops and smart phones can be connected tothe power adapter using conventional cords. Although a markedimprovement, this solution still requires a separate cord for eachdevice connected to the power supply. Further, typical solutions requirethe electronic devices to be preconfigured to accept the predeterminedpower output by the power supply.

As an alternative to corded power supply solutions, there has recentlybeen dramatic growth in the pursuit of wireless power solutions.Wireless power supply systems eliminate the need for power cords andtherefore eliminate the many inconveniences associated with power cords.For example, wireless power solutions can eliminate: (i) the need toretain and store a collection of power cords, (ii) the unsightly messcreated by cords, (iii) the need to repeatedly physically connect andphysically disconnect remote devices with cords, (iv) the need to carrypower cords whenever power is required, such as recharging, and (v) thedifficulty of identifying which of a collection of power cords is usedfor each device.

The introduction of wireless power solutions has in one respect madepower management across multiple devices more complicated—at least inthe short term. For example, a user that has both wirelesslypowered/charged devices and devices that are powered/charged using wireswill be required to carry both wired and wireless power supplies. Evenif the user has invested in a universal power supply for all of theusers wired devices, a separate wireless power supply will be required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention provides a universal power supplythat is capable of supplying power to a variety of both wired andwireless electronic devices. In one embodiment, the power supplyincludes an integrated wireless power transmitter and one or more poweroutlets for wired power supply. In those embodiments in which the powersupply includes multiple power outlets, different power outlets maysupply different amounts of power. Different plug shapes may be providedto differentiate between different amounts of power. In otherembodiments, all of the power outlets may provide the same amount ofpower. In embodiments of this nature, the power ports may beconventional USB ports that include power in accordance with USBstandards.

In an alternative embodiment, the power supply may include power outletsconfigured to receive removable wireless power transmitters, such asremovable primary coils. In some embodiments, different plug shapes maybe provided to differentiate between power outlets for wirelesstransmitters and power outlets for wired devices. In some embodiments,the plug shapes may be the same and the electronics of the power adaptermay be capable of determining what has been plugged into a given poweroutlet and provide that power outlet with the appropriate power.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a universal wirelesspower supply having a plurality of wireless power transmitters poweredby a single power adapter. In one embodiment, the power adapter includesa plurality of integrated power transmitters and is configured toprovide freedom of movement of the power transmitters. In oneembodiment, the power transmitters may be connected to the power adapterby flexible connectors that permit the assembly to be folded up toreduce space. The flexible connectors may also provide the powertransmitters with some degree of positional freedom.

In another embodiment of the second aspect, the power adapter mayinclude a plurality of sections that are movably connected to oneanother. Separate power transmitters may be located in differentsections so that movement of one section with respect to anotherprovides positional freedom between power transmitters. The sections maybe joined by a hinge, a pivot joint or other suitable mechanicalstructure.

In another embodiment, the power supply may include a power adapterhaving power outlet ports capable of selectively receiving a pluralityof wireless power transmitters. One or more power transmitters may beselectively connected to the power supply, as desired. In oneembodiment, each wireless power transmitter may include one or morepower outlet ports for further wireless power transmitters so thatwireless power transmitters may be daisy-chained.

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a universal powersupply that is capable of supplying power to both wired and wirelesselectronic devices. In this aspect, the present invention provides aconvenient, easy to use power supply that can be used for a wide varietyof devices, thereby eliminating the need to carry multiple powersupplies even when a user would like to power both wired and wirelessdevices. In a second aspect, the present invention provides a wirelesspower supply that is adaptable to different applications. In thoseembodiments with movable power supply sections, the power supply can beconfigured for easy storage and reconfigured to provide convenientwireless charging for devices of various types. In those embodimentswith removable power supply transmitters, the size of the power supplycan be kept to a minimum by adding only those power supply transmittersneeded. The wireless power supply also adds the additional benefit ofallowing inherent intrinsic safety. This element allows for high voltagewithin the power supply to be used with an inherent intrinsic safety.Power supply grounding and insulation can be more simple and costeffective that traditional power supplies. This also increases thesafety and reliability of such power supplies. These power supplies canalso include the an ultra low power option for minimum standby, such asthe system described in U.S. Patent Publication 2010/0084918, filed onOct. 2, 2009 entitled Power System, which is herein incorporated byreference in its entirety.

These and other objects, advantages, and features of the invention willbe more fully understood and appreciated by reference to the descriptionof the current embodiment and the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an illustration of an electronic device with a conventionalwired power supply.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of a pair of electronic devices with aconventional multiple output wired power supply.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of a power supply in accordance with anembodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an illustration of a first alternative power supply inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an illustration of the first alternative power supply with adetachable coil folded onto the power adapter.

FIG. 6 is a partially sectional illustration of the removable powertransmitter.

FIG. 7 is a partially sectional illustration of an alternative removablepower transmitter.

FIG. 8 is an illustration of a second alternative power supply.

FIG. 9 is an illustration of the second alternative power supply with awireless computer expansion module.

FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a circuit for the power supply.

FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of a first alternative circuit forthe power supply.

FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of a second alternative circuitfor the power supply.

FIG. 13 is a series of illustrations showing a power supply inaccordance with an embodiment of the second aspect of the presentinvention.

FIG. 14 is an illustration showing the placement of electronic deviceson the power supply of FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is an illustration of an alternative power supply in accordancewith the second aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a series of illustrations showing movement of the secondalternative embodiment between different configurations.

FIG. 17 is end and side views of a connector for joining power adaptersections.

FIGS. 18A-E are illustrations showing various uses of the power supplyof FIG. 15.

FIG. 19 is an illustration showing how the power supply of FIG. 15 maybe used with a computer.

FIG. 20 is an illustration showing the power supply of FIG. 15 in placeadjacent a computer.

FIG. 21 is an illustration showing the power supply of FIG. 15incorporated into a computer dock.

FIG. 22 is an illustration showing the power supply of FIG. 15incorporated into a computer bag.

FIG. 23 is an illustration of a third alternative power supply inaccordance with the second aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is an illustration of a fourth alternative power supply inaccordance with the second aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an illustration showing the power supply of FIG. 24 in afolded configuration.

FIG. 26 is an illustration of a fifth alternative power supply inaccordance with the second aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is an illustration showing the power supply of FIG. 26 in afolded configuration.

FIG. 28 is a schematic representation of a circuit for a power supply inaccordance with a second aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is an illustration of a power brick with an extended panelwireless power transmitter being positioned to power a laptop.

FIG. 30 is an illustration of the power brick with extendable panel ofFIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is an illustration of a power brick with a rotatable panelwireless power transmitter being positioned to power a laptop.

FIG. 32 is an illustration of a perspective and bottom view of the powerbrick of FIG. 31.

FIG. 33 is a schematic representation of a circuit for a multi-inputwireless power supply.

DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT EMBODIMENT

A power supply in accordance with an embodiment of one aspect of thepresent invention is shown in FIG. 3. The power supply 10 generallyincludes a power adapter 13 with a wireless power transmitter 14 toprovide power to wireless electronic devices D and a plurality of poweroutlet ports 16 to provide power to wired electronic devices WD. Thepower adapter 13 includes the electronics required to convert AC mainspower into the power required by the electronic devices. The wirelesspower transmitter 14 may be integrated into the power adapter 13 or maybe attached to the power adapter 13 via a port 18 (shown in FIG. 4). Inuse, a user can attach a wired device WD to the power supply 10 using aconventional cord C inserted into the appropriate power outlet port 16.The wired device WD may use the power for operation and/or for chargingan internal battery. Multiple wired devices WD can be connected to thepower supply 10 using separate cords C inserted into different poweroutlet ports 16. Wireless devices D can be placed in close proximity tothe wireless power transmitter 14 to wirelessly receive power (forexample, for charging or operating). A variety of alternativeembodiments of this first aspect of the present invention are disclosed.

A power supply in accordance with a second aspect of the presentinvention is shown in FIG. 13. In this embodiment, the power supply 510generally includes a power adapter 513 with a plurality of wirelesspower transmitters 514. The power adapter 513 includes a plurality ofsections that are movable with respect to one another. In thisembodiment, the sections are joined along a hinge or fold line thatpermits the two sections to be folded and unfolded as desired. Eachsection includes one or more wireless power transmitters so thatmovement of the sections results in selective variation in the positionand orientation of the wireless power transmitters. As with the firstaspect of the present invention, a variety of alternative embodiments ofthe second aspect of the present invention are disclosed.

As noted above, the first aspect of the present invention provides apower supply 10 that is capable of wirelessly providing power to atleast one wireless electronic device D using a wireless powertransmitter and to at least one wired electronic device WD using one ormore power outlet ports 16. One embodiment of this aspect of the presentinvention is shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows a power supply 10 having anintegrated wireless power transmitter 14 and a plurality of power outletports 16 disposed in a housing 12. The power supply 10 includes a powerinput cord 19 for connecting the power supply 10 to AC mains, forexample, via a wall plug (not shown). The internal circuitry (describedin more detail below) of the power supply 10 transforms the AC mainspower into the power for a plurality of wired and wireless electronicdevices.

In the illustrated embodiment, the power supply 10 is configured towirelessly supply power using generally conventional inductive powertransfer techniques and apparatus. For example, the wireless powertransmitter 14 may produce an electromagnetic field that may be pickedup and used to generate power in a wireless electronic device D. Thewireless power transmitter 14 of this embodiment is a primary coil ofwire 20 configured to produce an electromagnetic field suitable forinductively transmitting power to a wireless electronic device D.Similarly, the wireless electronic device of this embodiment includes asecondary coil 22 of wire configured to generate power when placed inthe presence of a suitable electromagnetic field. Although theillustrated embodiments utilize inductive techniques to wirelesslytransfer power to the wireless device, the power supply 10 mayalternatively (or in addition) use other forms of wireless powertransfer.

In this illustrated embodiment, the power supply 10 includes a generallyrectangular housing 12. The size, shape and configuration of the housing12 may vary from application to application. A plurality of power outletports 16 are mounted within the housing 12 for supplying power to wireddevices. The power outlet ports 16 may be conventional USB ports thatreceive conventional USB plugs and supply power in accordance withapplicable USB standards. This permits the power supply 10 to providepower to essentially any wired device capable of being charged through aconventional USB port. The number and type of power output ports 16 mayvary from application to application depending on the number and typesof devices to be powered by the power supply 10. For example, the typeof ports may vary to allow the power supply to power devices that arenot compatible with USB standards. In the illustrated embodiment, thepower outlet ports 16 are disposed in the end wall of the housingopposite the end wall in which the power cord 19 enters the housing 12.The power outlet ports may, however, be disposed in essentially anylocation about the housing 12.

The wireless power transmitter 14 is mounted within the housing 12 andis disposed beneath the top surface 24 in the illustrated embodiment.This permits a wireless device to be placed on top of the housing 12 towirelessly receive power. Although the top surface 24 of the housing 12is planar in the illustrated embodiment, the top surface may by shapedto correspond with the shape of intended wireless devices. For example,the bottom surface of the wireless device D and the top surface 24 ofthe housing 12 may have corresponding contours so that the wirelessdevice D nests with the top surface 24 of the housing 12. As notedabove, the wireless power transmitter 14 of this embodiment is a primarycoil 20. The size, shape and configuration of the primary coil 20 mayvary from application to application. For example, the diameter of theprimary coil 20, the number of turns of wire in the coil 20 and the sizeof the wire used to form the coil 20 may vary based on the specificapplication. If desired, a magnet (not shown) may be located in thehousing 12, for example, in the center of the primary coil 20, to assistin aligning the primary coil 20 with the secondary coil 22 in a wirelessdevice D. The magnet (not shown) may also assist in holding the wirelessdevice D in position on the housing 12.

FIG. 4 is directed to an alternative embodiment of the power supply 10in which one or more wireless power transmitters 14 may be selectivelyconnected to the power adapter 13. In this embodiment, a plurality ofpower outlet ports 16 are provided for supplying power to wired devices,and a plurality of wireless transmitter ports 18 are provided forselectively attaching detachable wireless power transmitters 14. As withthe embodiment of FIG. 3, the power outlet ports 16 may be conventionalUSB ports that receive conventional USB plugs and supply power inaccordance with applicable USB standards. This permits the power supply10 to provide power to essentially any wired device capable of beingcharged through a conventional USB port. Although this embodimentincludes power outlet ports 16, the ports may in some embodiments beeliminated, such that the power supply 10 is configured to supply poweronly wirelessly. The wireless transmitter ports 18 may be essentiallyany port capable of selectively receiving a detachable wireless powertransmitter. The number and type of wireless transmitter ports 18 mayvary from application to application, as desired.

Although the design and configuration of the detachable wireless powertransmitters may vary, one embodiment is described with reference toFIG. 6. The detachable transmitter 14 of the illustrated embodimentgenerally includes a plug 28, a connector section 30 and a coil assembly32. The plug 28 may be essentially any plug 28 suitable for selectivelyelectrically connecting the detachable transmitter to the power adapter13. To prevent connection to the wrong port, the plug 28 may bedifferent from the plugs used for the power outlet ports 16. In thisembodiment, the connector section 30 may include flexible leads 34 thatextend between the plug 28 and the primary coil 20. The flexible leads34 permit the wireless power transmitters 14 to be folded up onto thepower adapter to reduce size, for example, during storage (See FIG. 5).The flexible leads may be essentially any flexible, foldable orotherwise adjustable structure for electrically connecting the plug 28to the primary coil 20. For example, the flexible leads 34 may simply bea pair of wires or may be a more complicated set of traces on a flexiblecircuit board substrate. The connector section 30 may be overmolded witha flexible material that protects the connector section 30 while stillallowing a high degree of flexibility.

The coil assembly 32 of the illustrated embodiment generally includes acoil 20, a magnet 26 and an overmold 36. In one embodiment, the coil 20is a spiral-round coil of Litz wire. The size, shape and configurationof the coil 20 may vary from application to application depending inpart on the amount of power to be transmitted. For example, the diameterof the coil 20, the number of turns of wire in the coil 20 and the sizeof the wire used to form the coil 20 may vary based on the specificapplication. If desired, the coil assembly 32 may include a magnet 26.The magnet 26 may be located at the center of the coil 20 and mayprovide a way to assist in aligning the coil 20 with the secondary coil22 in a remote device. The magnet 26 may also assist in holding the coilassembly 32 in a folded configuration for storage (See FIG. 5). The coilassembly 32 may be overmolded for protection and/or for aestheticreasons. The coil assembly 32 may alternatively be housed in essentiallyany suitable housing. The overmold or housing 33 may be contoured tocorrespond in shape with the intended wireless device. This may assistin providing close alignment between the primary coil 20 and thesecondary coil 22, and may help to retain the wireless device D in placeon the coil assembly 32.

An alternative detachable wireless power transmitter 14 is shown in FIG.7. In this embodiment, the detachable wireless power transmitter 14 isessentially identical to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, except that itis shielded. As shown, a shield 38 is disposed in the coil assembly 32beneath the coil 20. The shield 38 allow a wireless device D placed ontop of the transmitter 14 to receive power, while reducing electromagnetinterference and other problems that may be caused by strayelectromagnetic field lines. The size, shape and configuration of theshield may vary from application to application, as desired. Forexample, the shielding material, the diameter of the shielding materialand the thickness of the shielding material may vary to provide thedesired balance between cost and shielding performance.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the power supply circuitry(not shown) is included in the housing 12. Alternatively, portions ofthe power supply circuitry may be incorporated into the detachablewireless power transmitters 14. For example, if desired, the DC/DCrectifier, microcontroller, drivers or switching circuits may beintegrated into the detachable wireless power transmitter 14 instead ofwithin the housing 12 of the power adapter 13. In one embodiment, thewireless transmitter port may supply a high DC rail output from theAC/DC rectifier to the wireless power transmitter 14, and the wirelesspower transmitter may include a DC/DC converter, a microcontroller (withan integrated or separate driver) and a switching circuit. This approachmay offer more variety in the power supply characteristics availablefrom detachable wireless power transmitters 14 as each one can bedesigned with the appropriate circuit components rather than relying onmulti-channel components.

FIG. 8 shows another alternative embodiment of the power supply 10. Inthis embodiment, the power supply 10 generally includes an integratedwireless power transmitter 14, a plurality of wireless transmitter ports18 for selectively attaching wireless power transmitters 14 and aplurality of power outlet ports 16 for supplying power to wired devices.The integrated wireless power transmitter 14 permits at least onewireless device to receive power without the need for attaching adetachable wireless power transmitter. However, if it is desirable towirelessly charge more than a single wireless device, additionaldetachable wireless power transmitters may by connected to the poweradapter 13, as desired. In this embodiment, the power supply 10 mayinclude a plurality of different power outlet ports 16. The differentpower outlet ports 16 may provide different amounts of power to allowpower supply to a broader range of wired devices. To facilitate correctattachment of wired devices, the different power outlet ports 16 mayhave different plug configurations for different amounts of power. Forexample, in the illustrated embodiment, the power outlet ports 16 mayinclude two conventional USB ports 40, a circular port 42 and atrapezoidal port 44.

FIG. 9 shows the power supply 10 of FIG. 8 with an alternativedetachable wireless power transmitter 14 configured for use with largerwireless devices, such as laptop L. In this embodiment, the detachablewireless power transmitter 14 is essentially identical to the detachablewireless power transmitter 14 of FIG. 6, except that it includes alonger connector section 30 and a larger support surface 31 housing thecoil assembly 32. The support surface 31 of this embodiment isconfigured to provide a wide support for devices that might teeter on asmaller support. In this embodiment, the coil 20 (along with any desiredmagnet or shielding) is disposed in a relatively thin, rectangularsupport surface 31. The support surface 31 may be overmolded onto thecoil or the coil 20 may be inserted into a cavity in a premanufacturedsupport surface. Although FIG. 9 shows a single primary coil 20 locatedin the center of the support, the number and position of primary coils20 may vary from application to application.

FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a circuit suitable forsupplying power to the power supply of FIG. 3. The power supply 10includes an AC/DC rectifier 60 for converting the AC power received fromthe AC mains into DC power. The power supply 10 also includes adual-channel DC/DC step down converter 62 for converting the DC outputof the AC/DC rectifier 60 to the desired level. The dual-channelconverter 62 includes two different outputs—one for the power outputport 16 and one for the wireless power transmitter 14. In applicationswhere additional levels of DC power are required, the DC/DC step downconverter may include a multiple-channel DC/DC step down converter ormultiple step down converters. The power supply 10 also includes amicrocontroller 64 and a switching circuit 66. The microcontroller 64 isprogrammed to control the switching circuit 66 to generate theappropriate AC power for the coil 20. In this embodiment, themicrocontroller 64 also controls operation of the dual-channel converter62. For example, the microcontroller 64 may send control signals to thedual-channel converter 62 specifying the level of the DC power beingsupplied to the switching circuit 66. The microcontroller 64 maydetermine the appropriate DC power level based on signals received fromthe wireless device. These signals may be communicated from the wirelessdevice to the power supply 10 by reflected impedance or through aseparate communications systems, such as a separate inductive coupling,infrared communications, WiFi communications, Bluetooth communicationsor other communication schemes. The microcontroller 64 may followessentially any of a wide variety of inductive power supply controlalgorithms. In some embodiments, the microcontroller 64 may vary one ormore characteristics of the power applied to the coil 20 based onfeedback from the portable device D. For example, the microcontroller 64may adjust the resonant frequency of the tank circuit (e.g. the coil andcapacitor combination), the operating frequency of the switching circuit66, the rail voltage applied to the coil 20 or the duty cycle of thepower applied to coil 20 to affect the efficiency or amount of powerinductively transferred to the portable device D. A wide variety oftechniques and apparatus are known for controlling operation of aninductive power supply. For example, the microcontroller may beprogrammed to operate in accordance with one of the control algorithmsdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,825,620, which is entitled “InductivelyCoupled Ballast Circuit” and issued Nov. 30, 2004, to Kuennen et al; theadaptive inductive power supply of U.S. Pat. No. 7,212,414, which isentitled “Adaptive Inductive Power Supply” and issued May 1, 2007, toBaarman; the inductive power supply with communication of U.S. Ser. No.10/689,148, which is entitled “Adaptive Inductive Power Supply withCommunication” and filed on Oct. 20, 2003 to Baarman; the inductivepower supply for wirelessly charging a LI-ION battery of U.S. Ser. No.11/855,710, which is entitled “System and Method for Charging a Battery”and filed on Sep. 14, 2007 by Baarman; the inductive power supply withdevice identification of U.S. Ser. No. 11/965,085, which is entitled“Inductive Power Supply with Device Identification” and filed on Dec.27, 2007 by Baarman et al; or the inductive power supply with duty cyclecontrol of U.S. Ser. No. 61/019,411, which is entitled “Inductive PowerSupply with Duty Cycle Control” and filed on Jan. 7, 2008 by Baarman—allof which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Although the schematic shows only a single power outlet port 16, thenumber of power outlet ports 16 may be increased to the desired number.For example, to implement the power supply 10 of FIG. 3, the powersupply 10 may include four power output ports 16.

For purposes of disclosure, FIG. 10 also shows a wireless electronicdevice D positioned adjacent to the power adapter 13. The wirelesselectronic device D generally includes a wireless power receiver 80, anAC/DC rectifier 70, a microcontroller 74, a battery 76 and a load 78.The wireless power receiver 80 of this embodiment may be a secondarycoil 22. The secondary coil 22 is configured to inductively receivepower from the primary coil 20 in the power supply 10. In theillustrated embodiment, the secondary coil 20 is a split-winding,spiral-wound coil of wire. The size, shape and configuration of thesecondary coil 22 may be selected to correspond with the characteristicsof the primary coil 20. Although the wireless power receiver 80 of thisembodiment is a coil, the wireless device may include other forms ofwireless power receivers. The secondary coil 22 is electrically coupledto the AC/DC rectifier 70. AC power generated in the secondary coil 22passes into the rectifier 70 where it is converted to DC power. Therectifier 70 may be configured to scale the DC power to the appropriatelevel or the microcontroller 74 may include a DC/DC converter foradjusting the output of the rectifier 70 before applying it to thebattery 76 or the load 78. The secondary microcontroller 74 may followessentially any of a wide variety of inductive power supply controlalgorithms. In some embodiments, the secondary microcontroller 74 maysend communications to the primary microcontroller 64 that permit theprimary microcontroller 64 to vary one or more characteristics of thepower applied to the coil 20. For example, the secondary microcontroller74 may send communication signals indicative of the amount of powerbeing received from the primary coil 20 or indicating whether more orless power is required. A wide variety of techniques and apparatus areknown for controlling operation of an inductive power supply in thewireless electronic device. For example, the secondary microcontrollermay be programmed to operate in accordance with one of the controlalgorithms disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,825,620, which is entitled“Inductively Coupled Ballast Circuit” and issued Nov. 30, 2004, toKuennen et al; the adaptive inductive power supply of U.S. Pat. No.7,212,414, which is entitled “Adaptive Inductive Power Supply” andissued May 1, 2007, to Baarman; the inductive power supply withcommunication of U.S. Ser. No. 10/689,148, which is entitled “AdaptiveInductive Power Supply with Communication” and filed on Oct. 20, 2003 toBaarman; the inductive power supply for wirelessly charging a LI-IONbattery of U.S. Ser. No. 11/855,710, which is entitled “System andMethod for Charging a Battery” and filed on Sep. 14, 2007 by Baarman;the inductive power supply with device identification of U.S. Ser. No.11/965,085, which is entitled “Inductive Power Supply with DeviceIdentification” and filed on Dec. 27, 2007 by Baarman et al; or theinductive power supply with duty cycle control of U.S. Ser. No.61/019,411, which is entitled “Inductive Power Supply with Duty CycleControl” and filed on Jan. 7, 2008 by Baarman—all of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

The circuitry may vary from application to application to provide powerto the desired number of wireless power transmitters and power outletports. For example, FIG. 11 shows an alternative circuit in which thepower supply 10 includes a single power output port 16 and a pair ofintegrated wireless power transmitters 14. In this embodiment, the powersupply 10 includes a multi-channel DC/DC step down converter 92 that iscapable of providing a variety of different DC power outputs. In theillustrated embodiment, the multi-channel converter 92 is capable ofproviding three different DC power outputs—one for the power outputjack, one for the first primary coil and one for the second primarycoil. In this embodiment, the microcontroller 94 controls operation ofthe switching circuits 96 and may also direct the multi-channelconverter 92 to individually set the DC power level based on signalsfrom the wireless device. For example, if the wireless device needs morepower, it may send an appropriate signal to the microcontroller 94 andthe microcontroller 94 may direct the multi-channel converter 92 toincrease the DC power output to the corresponding switching circuit 96.On the other hand, if less power is required, the wireless device maysend an appropriate signal to the microcontroller 94 and themicrocontroller 94 may direct the multi-channel converter 92 to decreasethe DC power output to the corresponding switching circuit 96.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram representing a circuit suitable foruse with the power supply of FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the powersupply 10 supplies power to one integrated wireless power transmitter14, four power output ports 16 and four wireless power transmitter ports18. As with the previously described embodiments, the circuit includesan AC/DC rectifier 60 for converting the AC power received from the ACmains into DC power, a multiple-channel DC/DC step down converter 100for converting the DC output of the AC/DC rectifier 60 to a plurality ofDC outputs, a microcontroller 98 for controlling operation of the powersupply 10, a plurality of switching circuits 104 for controlling theapplication of power to the integrated and detachable wireless powertransmitters 14 and a plurality of drivers 102 for controlling thetiming of the switching circuits 104. The microcontroller 98 isprogrammed to control both the DC/DC converter and the drivers 102. Withregard to the DC/DC converter, the microcontroller 98 may send controlsignals to the DC/DC converter 100 to individually dictate the levels ofthe different DC power outputs for the power outlet ports 16 and/or thewireless power transmitters 14. With this functionality, themicrocontroller 98 can individually adjust the DC output of the poweroutput ports 16 to accommodate a wider variety of wired electronicdevices. The DC outputs for the wireless power transmitters 14 functionas the rail voltage for the switching circuits 104. Accordingly, themicrocontroller 98 can individually adjust the power output of thewireless power transmitters 14 by individually adjusting the DC outputsfor the wireless power transmitters 14. In application where thisfunctionality is not desired, the DC/DC converter output levels for thepower output ports 16 and the wireless power transmitters 14 can befixed. With regard to the drivers 102, the microcontroller 98 can adjustthe timing of the drivers 102 to vary the timing of the switchingcircuits 104. This can, in turn, be used to adjust the operatingfrequency and/or duty cycle of the power applied to the wireless powertransmitters 14. As noted above, the microcontroller 98 may operate thewireless power transmitters 14 in accordance with a wide variety ofcontrol schemes. For example, the microcontroller 98 may adjust the railvoltage of the power applied to the primary coil 20, the operatingfrequency of the wireless power transmitters or the duty cycle of theappropriate DC power level based on information relating to the powerlevel desired by the wireless device and/or the efficiency of theinductive coupling with the wireless device. As another example, eachwireless power transmitter 14 may be contained in a tank circuit (e.g.the subcircuit containing the coil 20 and the resonant capacitor 21(which may be located in the power adapter 13 or one of the plug in coilmodules or wireless transmitters 14), and the microcontroller may beconfigured to adjust the resonant frequency of the tank circuit to allowthe tank circuit to operate efficiently through a broader range ofoperating frequencies. The microcontroller may adjust the resonantfrequency of the tank circuit by adjusting the inductance and/orcapacitance of the tank circuit. The inductance may be adjusted using avariable inductor or a bank of inductors that may be switched into orout of the tank circuit. Similarly, the capacitance may be adjustedusing a variable capacitor or a bank of capacitors that may be switchedinto or out of the tank circuit.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power supply 510that can be adapted to provide different wireless power supplyconfigurations. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the powersupply 510 includes two wireless power transmitters 514 located indifferent sections 512 of the power adapter 513. The two section 512 arejoined to one another along a hinge 517 so that they may be pivoted tochange the position and orientation of the two power transmitters withrespect to one another. FIG. 13 shows the power adapter 13 beingunfolded into a flat configuration that provides two side-by-sidecharging regions. FIG. 14 shows how two wireless electronic devices Dcan be placed on the two side-by-side power transmitters 514. In thisembodiment, the power adapter 513 includes two housing sections 512. Thepower supply circuitry may be incorporated into one or both of thehousing sections. In one embodiment, a single multi-channel circuit isprovided for supplying power to both wireless power transmitters. Inanother embodiment, separate power supply circuits are provided for eachwireless power transmitter. The hinge 517 is configured to allow thepassage of electrical leads from one housing section 512 to the otherhousing section 512. For example, the bulk of the power supply circuitrymay be located in one housing section 512 and electrical leads passingthrough the hinge 517 may deliver power to the primary coil 20 in thesecond housing section 512.

FIG. 15 shows a first alternative embodiment of the second aspect of thepresent invention. In this embodiment, power supply 510 includes twosections that are coupled together at rotating joint. A separatewireless power transmitter 514 is located in each section 512. The twosections 512 can be rotated into different positions to vary theposition and orientation of the two wireless power transmitters 514. Forexample, FIG. 16 includes a series of illustrations that show one of thetwo sections being increasingly rotated with respect to the other untilthe coil of one of the wireless power transmitters 514 is rotated 180degrees. In the initial position, the power supply 510 can be used towirelessly supply power to two adjacent wireless devices placed on topof the power adapter 513. In the rotated position, the power supply 510can be used to wirelessly supply power to two wireless devices placed onopposite sides of the power adapter 513. Although a wide variety ofconnectors may be used to join the two sections 512. For example, in oneembodiment, the connector may be generally tubular and may include acentral bore for routing wiring from one section to the other. In analternative embodiment, the connector 520 may create an electricalconnection between the two sections 512, such as is the case with theconnector illustrated in FIG. 17. As with the embodiment of FIG. 14, thepower supply circuitry may be incorporated into one or both of thehousing sections, and a single multi-channel power supply circuit orseparate independent circuits may be use to supply power to the wirelesspower transmitters.

FIGS. 18A-E show various charging configurations of the power supply 10of FIG. 15. FIG. 18A shows a single wireless device D placed over andreceiving power from one of the two coils 522. FIG. 18B shows twowireless devices D—each placed over and receiving power from a separatecoil 522. FIG. 18C shows a single wireless device D placed over andreceiving power from both coils 522. In this embodiment, the wirelessdevice D includes two secondary coils 524 so that the device D cansimultaneously receive power from two primary coils 522. FIGS. 18D and18E show the power supply 10 reconfigured with the two coils 522 onopposite sides of the power adapter 513. In FIG. 18D, separate wirelessdevices D are placed on opposite sides of the power adapter 513 toreceive power from opposite coils 522. In FIG. 18E, the power adapter513 is placed on a wireless-enabled surface 526. In this embodiment, awireless device D may be placed over and receive power from the upwardfacing coil, while the downward facing coil 522 supplies power to asecondary coil mounted in the surface 526.

Another potential application for the power supply 10 of FIG. 15 isshown in FIGS. 19 and 20. In this embodiment, a laptop computer Lincludes a power supply notch 528 configured to receive the outersection of the power adapter 513. As shown in FIG. 20, the power supplynotch 528 may be sized and shaped to closely receive the outer section512. In this embodiment, the inner section 512 can support and providepower to a wireless device D.

FIG. 21 shows a wireless computer dock C configured to receive thewireless power supply 510 of FIG. 15. In this embodiment, the computersupport surface defines a channel 530 adapted to receive the poweradapter 513. The channel 530 may be longer than the adapter 513 so thatthe adapter 513 can be slid along the channel to vary the position ofthe coils 522 beneath the laptop L. In this embodiment, the laptop L mayinclude two secondary coils (not shown) to receive power from bothprimary coils 522. Alternatively, the power adapter 13 may be positionedso that one coil is beneath the laptop L and the other extend past theedge of the laptop L to potentially provide power to another wirelessdevice (not shown).

FIG. 22 shows a computer bag B configured to receive the wireless powersupply 10 of FIG. 15. In this embodiment, the computer bag B includes acentral flap 532 with a pocket 534 to receive the power adapter 513. Thepower supply 510 may be configured so that the primary coils face in thesame or opposite directions. In the current embodiment, the pocket 534is positioned to hold the power adapter 513 in a position where it cansupply power to a laptop L placed on one side of the flap 532 and to awireless device D placed on the other side of the flap 532. Inalternative embodiments, the pocket may be placed elsewhere in the bag.For example, the pocket may be oriented horizontally and located in oneof the bag walls. In such an embodiment, the middle flap of the bag maybe eliminated.

FIG. 23 shows an alternative power supply 510 in which multiple wirelesspower transmitters 514 maybe attached to a single power supply. In thisembodiment, the principle circuitry of the power supply 510 is containedin the power adapter 513. The wireless power transmitters 514 areprovided in modules 514 that can be added to the power adapter 513 asdesired. For example, as shown in FIG. 23, each module 513 may include amale connector 520 and one or more female connectors (not shown). Themale and female connectors may be positioned as desired. For example,each module 514 may include a male connector 520 extending from thecenter of one side and three female connectors centered on the otherthree sides. In this embodiment, the male connector 520 allows a module514 to be secured to the power adapter 513 or to another module 514. Themodules 514 may be daisy-chained to build almost any arrangement ofprimary coils. Although a wide variety of connectors maybe used to jointhe modules 514, FIG. 17 shows end and side views of one potential maleconnector for joining adjacent modules. In this embodiment, theconnector 514 is a two conductor connector in which an upper contact 540and a lower contact 542 are separated by an insulator 544. Although notshown, the female connector includes two contacts that separately engagethe upper contact 540 and the lower contact 542. A snap-fit catch, suchas a spring-loaded bearing, may be used to secure the male connectorwith the female connector. The bearing is configured to snap fit intothe channel around the insulator when the male connector is fittedproperly into the female connector. The bearing may be manufactured froma non-conductive material to so that it does not create a short circuitbetween the upper contact and the lower contact.

Another embodiment of a power supply in accordance with a second aspectof the present invention is shown in FIGS. 24 and 25. In thisembodiment, the power supply 510 includes a power adapter 513 with aplurality of folding arms that contain the wireless power transmitters514. As shown, the power adapter 513 may include a central section 515that contains the bulk of the power supply circuitry (not shown). Fourfolding sections 512 may be hingedly coupled to the central section 515using hinges 550. In this embodiment, two folding sections 512 may befoldable onto the top surface of the central section 515 and two foldingsections 552 may be foldable under the bottom surface of the centralsection (See FIG. 25). In the illustrated embodiment, a separatewireless power transmitter 514 (e.g. a primary coil) is disposed withineach folding section 512. The folding sections 512 may be unfolded toprovide a relatively large charging arrangement or folded to providecompact storage.

FIGS. 26 and 27 show another embodiment of a power supply in accordancewith a second aspect of the present invention. In this embodiment, thepower supply 510 includes a power adapter 513 with a plurality offolding arms that contain the wireless power transmitters 514. As shown,the power adapter 513 may include a central section 515 that containsthe bulk of the power supply circuitry (not shown). Three coilassemblies 562 may be coupled to the central section 515 by flexibleconnector sections 564. All three coil assemblies 562 may be foldableonto the top surface of the central section 515 in a stackedconfiguration (See FIG. 27, which shows two of the three coil assembliesfolded onto the central section 515). If desired, a magnet (not shown)may be disposed within each coil assembly 562. The magnets may helpalign the coils when a wireless device is place over a coil assembly.Plus, the magnets may help to hold the coil assemblies 562 in thestacked configuration. The coil assemblies 562 may be fixedly coupled tothe central section or they may be detachably coupled using the plugsand ports as described in previously described embodiments.

FIGS. 29 and 30 show another embodiment of a power supply in accordancewith a second aspect of the present invention. In this embodiment, thepower supply 510 includes a power adapter 513 with a thin panel thatslides out to fit under a laptop L. The thin panel 600 includes a coil20. In one embodiment, the coil 20 is a spiral-round coil of Litz wire.The size, shape and configuration of the coil 20 may vary fromapplication to application depending in part on the amount of power tobe transmitted. For example, the diameter of the coil 20, the number ofturns of wire in the coil 20 and the size of the wire used to form thecoil 20 may vary based on the specific application. If desired, thepanel 600 may include a magnet 26. The panel could include essentiallyany or all of the power supply circuitry. Alternatively, some or all ofthe power supply circuitry could be included in the power adapter 513,except for coil 20. In one embodiment, a coil assembly, as described inprevious embodiments, is included in the panel and power supplycircuitry is included in the power adapter. The panel 600 may becontoured to correspond in shape with the intended wireless device. Inthe current embodiment, the panel presents a thin structure capable offitting under a slot provided in the Laptop L. This may assist inproviding close alignment between the primary coil 20 and the secondarycoil 22, and may help to retain the laptop L in place on the coil 20.The panel may be selectably retractable from the power adapter 513 sothat when the coil is not in use the panel may be placed in aretractable position. In some embodiments, the panel may be locked inthe retractable position. In its retracted position, the power adapter513 of the current embodiment is similar to the FIG. 3 embodiment.Although not illustrated, in alternative embodiments, wired powerconnectors could be included in the power adaptor. There may be anelectrical connection between the power adapter and the power circuitryin the panel that is maintained when the panel is extended or retracted.For example, there may be sufficient slack in a wire so that when thepanel is extended the electrical connection between the coil or powersupply circuitry in the panel is maintained with the power supplycircuitry in the power adapter. In one embodiment, the wall cord itselfhas sufficient slack to maintain electrical connection directly to thepower supply circuitry in the panel.

FIGS. 31 and 32 show yet another embodiment of a power supply inaccordance with a second aspect of the present invention. In thisembodiment, the power supply 510 includes a power adapter 513 with athin panel 602 that rotates or fans out to an extension position. Justas in the retractable panel embodiment, the panel 602 includes a coil20. In one embodiment, the coil 20 is a spiral-round coil of Litz wire.The size, shape and configuration of the coil 20 may vary fromapplication to application depending in part on the amount of power tobe transmitted. For example, the diameter of the coil 20, the number ofturns of wire in the coil 20 and the size of the wire used to form thecoil 20 may vary based on the specific application. If desired, thepanel 602 may include a magnet 26. The panel 600 may be contoured tocorrespond in shape with the intended wireless device. In the currentembodiment, the panel presents a thin structure capable of fitting undera slot provided in the Laptop L. The panel may be selectably rotatablebetween a variety of different positions. In one position, the panel maybe locked in a home position where the power adapter 513 of the currentembodiment is configured similarly to the FIG. 3 embodiment. Althoughnot illustrated, in alternative embodiments, wired power connectorscould be included in the power adapter. As with the retractableembodiment, any combination of power supply circuitry may be included inthe panel and or adapter. Further, there may be an electrical connectionbetween the power adapter and the panel that is maintained when thepanel is extended or retracted. For example, there may be sufficientslack in a wire between the panel and the power adapter so that when thepanel is extended the electrical connection between the coil or powersupply circuitry in the panel is maintained with the power supplycircuitry in the power adapter. In one embodiment, the wall cord itselfhas sufficient slack to maintain electrical connection directly to thepower supply circuitry in the panel.

The circuitry of the power supply 10 may vary from application toapplication. A wide variety of circuits and circuit components suitablefor wirelessly supplying power from the power supply to a wirelessdevice D are known to those skilled in the art. For purposes ofdisclosure, and not by way of limitation, one suitable circuit isdescribed in connection with FIG. 28. FIG. 28 is a schematic of a powersupply circuit for wirelessly supplying power to two separate wirelesspower transmitters 14. In this embodiment, the wireless powertransmitters are primary coils 20 configured to generate anelectromagnetic field in response to the application of a varying supplyof power. The power supply circuitry generally includes an AC/DCrectifier 60 for converting the AC power received from the AC mains intoDC power. The power supply 10 also includes a dual-channel DC/DC stepdown converter 65 for converting the DC output of the AC/DC rectifier 60to the desired level. The dual-channel DC/DC converter 62 has theability to provide two DC outputs at different power levels. The powersupply 10 also includes a dual microcontroller 94 and a pair ofswitching circuits 96. The dual microcontroller 94 is capable ofseparately operating each pair of switching circuits 96 so that thepower supplied by the two primary coils 20 can be independently adaptedto the corresponding wireless device D. The dual microcontroller 94 isprogrammed to send control signals to the dual-channel DC/DC converterto set the power level of the DC outputs. The dual microcontroller isalso programmed to control the two switching circuits 96 to generate theappropriate AC power for the two coils 20. For example, the dualmicrocontroller can control the timing of the switches to vary theoperating frequency and/or duty cycle of the signals applied to the twoprimary coils. As with previously described embodiment of the powersupply circuit, the dual microcontroller 94 of this embodiment mayfollow essentially any of a wide variety of inductive power supplycontrol algorithms. In some embodiments, the dual microcontroller 94 mayvary one or more characteristics of the power applied to a coil 20 basedon feedback from the corresponding portable device D. For example, thedual microcontroller 94 may adjust resonant frequency, operatingfrequency, rail voltage or duty cycle to affect the efficiency or amountof power inductively transferred to the corresponding portable device D.A wide variety of techniques and apparatus are known for controllingoperation of an inductive power supply. For example, the dualmicrocontroller may be programmed to operate in accordance with one ofthe control algorithms disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,825,620, which isentitled “Inductively Coupled Ballast Circuit” and issued Nov. 30, 2004,to Kuennen et al; the adaptive inductive power supply of U.S. Pat. No.7,212,414, which is entitled “Adaptive Inductive Power Supply” andissued May 1, 2007, to Baarman; the inductive power supply withcommunication of U.S. Ser. No. 10/689,148, which is entitled “AdaptiveInductive Power Supply with Communication” and filed on Oct. 20, 2003 toBaarman; the inductive power supply for wirelessly charging a LI-IONbattery of U.S. Ser. No. 11/855,710, which is entitled “System andMethod for Charging a Battery” and filed on Sep. 14, 2007 by Baarman;the inductive power supply with device identification of U.S. Ser. No.11/965,085, which is entitled “Inductive Power Supply with DeviceIdentification” and filed on Dec. 27, 2007 by Baarman et al; or theinductive power supply with duty cycle control of U.S. Ser. No.61/019,411, which is entitled “Inductive Power Supply with Duty CycleControl” and filed on Jan. 7, 2008 by Baarman—all of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Although theembodiment of FIG. 28 includes a dual microcontroller, the dualmicrocontroller may be replaced by separate microcontrollers for eachwireless power transmitter.

FIG. 28 also shows schematic representations of the circuitry in a pairof wireless electronic devices D. As shown, each device D is positionedadjacent to a different primary coil 20. In this embodiment, thecircuits of the two devices D are essentially identical. Accordingly,only one will be described in detail. The wireless electronic devices Dgenerally include a wireless power receiver 22, an AC/DC rectifier 70, amicrocontroller 74, a battery 76 and a load 78. The wireless powerreceiver 22 of this embodiment may be a secondary coil 22. The secondarycoil 22 is configured to inductively receive power from the primary coil20 in the power supply 10. The size, shape and configuration of thesecondary coil 22 may be selected to correspond with the characteristicsof the primary coil 20. Although the wireless power receiver 22 of thisembodiment is a coil, the wireless device may include other forms ofwireless power receivers. The secondary coil 22 is electrically coupledto the AC/DC rectifier 70. AC power generated in the secondary coil 22passes into the rectifier 70 where it is converted to DC power. Therectifier 70 may be configured to scale the DC power to the appropriatelevel or the microcontroller 74 may include a DC/DC converter foradjusting the output of the rectifier 70 before applying it to thebattery 76 or the load 78. The secondary microcontroller 74 may followessentially any of a wide variety of inductive power supply controlalgorithms. In some embodiments, the secondary microcontroller 74 maysend communications to the primary microcontroller 94 that permit theprimary microcontroller 94 to vary one or more characteristics of thepower applied to the coil 20. For example, the secondary microcontroller74 may send communication signals indicative of the amount of powerbeing received from the primary coil 20 or indicating whether more orless power is required. A wide variety of techniques and apparatus areknown for controlling operation of an inductive power supply in thewireless electronic device. For example, the secondary microcontrollermay be programmed to operate in accordance with one of the controlalgorithms disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,825,620, which is entitled“Inductively Coupled Ballast Circuit” and issued Nov. 30, 2004, toKuennen et al; the adaptive inductive power supply of U.S. Pat. No.7,212,414, which is entitled “Adaptive Inductive Power Supply” andissued May 1, 2007, to Baarman; the inductive power supply withcommunication of U.S. Ser. No. 10/689,148, which is entitled “AdaptiveInductive Power Supply with Communication” and filed on Oct. 20, 2003 toBaarman; the inductive power supply for wirelessly charging a LI-IONbattery of U.S. Ser. No. 11/855,710, which is entitled “System andMethod for Charging a Battery” and filed on Sep. 14, 2007 by Baarman;the inductive power supply with device identification of U.S. Ser. No.11/965,085, which is entitled “Inductive Power Supply with DeviceIdentification” and filed on Dec. 27, 2007 by Baarman et al; or theinductive power supply with duty cycle control of U.S. Ser. No.61/019,411, which is entitled “Inductive Power Supply with Duty CycleControl” and filed on Jan. 7, 2008 by Baarman—all of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Although not shown, power supplies in accordance with a second aspect ofthe present invention may include power outlet ports for providing powerto wired electronic devices WD. For example, the power supplies of FIGS.13-27 may be modified to include power outlet ports. The number,location and specifications of the power outlet ports may vary fromapplication to application.

Referring to FIG. 33, one embodiment of a multi-input wireless powersupply 10. The depicted embodiment includes an AC/DC rectifier circuit61 capable of accepting a first input voltage or a second input voltage.In alternative embodiments, the AC/DC rectifier circuit 61 may becapable of accepting additional input voltages. The input voltages canbe DC or AC. The input voltages can be a variety of different levels.For example, in the depicted embodiment, the AC/DC rectifier can accept110VAC or 220VAC. In alternative embodiments, the AC/DC rectifier mightaccept 110VAC, 220VAC, 19VDC, or 5VDC. The AC/DC rectifier produces arectified output. Where a DC input voltage is supplied, the rectifierhas little to no effect on the signal, but a rectified DC output isstill provided.

In addition to the AC/DC rectifier 61, in the current embodiment a lowpower DC/DC step down converter 63 is provided in order to supply powerto a microcontroller. The size of the DC/DC step down converter is keptsmall because only a small amount of power is needed in order to power amicrocontroller, typically only a few microwatts. It may be possible insome embodiments to eliminate the DC/DC converter if the circuit doesnot require a small DC power source, for example if the microcontrolleris powered by a battery or if the circuit is designed with analogcomponents instead of a microcontroller.

The multi-input wireless power supply also includes a sensor fordetecting which of the first input voltage and the second input voltageis connected to the multi-input wireless power supply. In the currentembodiment, the sensor is included in the AC/DC rectifier circuit. Inalternative constructions, the sensor may be a separate component or maybe integrated into the microcontroller or another component. Inembodiments with more than two input voltages, the sensor may be capableof determining which input voltage of a plurality of different inputvoltages is connected. In the current embodiment, the sensor is avoltage sensor, but in alternative constructions a current sensor, oranother type of sensor that can reliably indicate which source voltageis connected to the wireless power supply could be used. In the currentembodiment, the rectified voltage is being sensed in the AC/DC rectifiercircuit, in alternative embodiments, the pre-rectified voltage may besensed, of course the programming in the controller would need to bemodified accordingly.

The multi-input wireless power supply also includes a plurality ofswitching circuits 96, 97 each coupled to the rectified output from theAC/DC rectifier. That is, the output from the rectifier circuit 61 iscoupled directly to the switching circuit 96, 97 without first beingstepped down with a step down converter. In the current embodiment, theswitching circuits are rated for whichever of the first input voltageand the second input voltage is higher. In embodiments capable ofaccepting more than two different input voltages, the switching circuitsmay be rated for the highest input voltage. In systems that can acceptmultiple input voltages instead of having all switches be rated for thehighest input voltage, there may be a single switch rated for thehighest input voltage and additional switching circuits that are onlycapable of being in the electrical path once the microcontroller hasdetermined that the input voltage is below the rating of that switchingcircuit.

The current embodiment of the multi-input wireless power supply alsoincludes two tank circuits or wireless power transmitters 14, 15.Alternative embodiments may include additional tank circuits. Each tankcircuit is designed to provide wireless power to a remote device wherethe tank circuit components are selected based at least as a function ofthe amount of DC voltage that is being provided to the switching circuitassociated with that tank circuit. For example, if the tank circuit isto receive 165VDC (that is 110VAC, rectified), the characteristics ofthe inductor 20 and capacitor 21 in the tank circuit 14 are selectedsuch that an appropriate amount of power will be transmitted to a remotedevice placed proximate to the tank circuit. Different tank circuitcomponents are used for different input voltages. That is, the tankcircuit components for different input voltages such as 19VDC, 5VDC, or308VDC (220VAC, rectified) are all selected/designed separately in orderto provide a target amount of power to the remote device. In the currentembodiment, the first tank circuit 14 is coupled to one of the pluralityof the switching circuits 96. A second tank circuit 15 is coupled to adifferent one of the plurality of the switching circuits 97. Thecharacteristics of the second tank circuit are selected for transferringpower to the remote device as a function of the second input voltage.That is, the shape, size, and characteristics of the inductor 23 and thecapacitor 25 in the tank circuit are selected based on the second inputvoltage, just as the shape, size, and characteristics of the inductor 20and capacitor 21 of the first tank circuit 14 were selected based on thefirst input voltage. In the current embodiment, the characteristics ofthe second tank circuit 14 are different from the characteristics of thefirst tank circuit 15. In the depicted embodiment, both tank circuitsare designed to accept a high DC rail voltage that has not been steppeddown by a DC/DC converter. One advantage of the current embodiment isthat a relatively bulky DC/DC converter is unnecessary and may beeliminated from the circuit design.

In addition, the multi-input wireless power supply may be designed toprovide different amounts of wireless power. In some embodiments, themulti-input wireless power supply may be dynamic and adjust the amountof power to be provided to the remote device based on operatingfrequency adjustment of the switching circuit, duty cycle adjustment ofthe switching circuit, rail voltage adjustment, or any othercharacteristic that may affect the amount of power to be transferred. Anumber of these techniques are discussed in the references previouslyincorporated by reference and mentioned above.

The multi-input wireless power supply may also include a microcontroller95 coupled to the low power DC/DC converter and the switching circuits.The microcontroller is programmed to control the plurality of switchingcircuits based on output from the sensor, which indicates which inputsource is connected. In the most simple embodiment, the rectifiedvoltage is provided to all of the switching circuits, but only theswitching circuit coupled to the tank circuit designed for thatparticular input voltage (or input voltage range) is operated. In otherembodiments, the AC/DC rectifier circuit may include a switch ormultiplexer so that the rectified voltage is only provided to the DC/DCstep down converter and the appropriate switching circuit. In someembodiments, it may be possible to include an array of tankcircuits/switching circuits for each potential input voltage or inputvoltage range.

Instead of a multi-input wireless power supply that has the ability tooperate with multiple inputs, a single input high DC rail wireless powersupply may be designed such that it produces an electromagnetic fieldsimilar to the electromagnetic filed produced by a single input low DCrail wireless power supply. That is, a single input wireless powersupply may be designed without a high power DC/DC converter so that theDC rectified voltage is used by a switching circuit to generate an ACsignal across a tank circuit specifically designed to produce anelectromagnetic field similar to the filed that would be produced by awireless power supply that uses a low DC rail voltage to generate anelectromagnetic field.

In particular, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method fordesigning a high DC rail wireless power supply is provided. The methodincludes providing a low DC rail wireless power supply including anAC/DC rectifier for generating a high DC rail voltage, a DC/DC converterfor stepping down the high DC rail voltage into a low DC rail voltage.Providing a switching circuit for switching the low DC rail voltage togenerate an AC signal and providing a tank circuit coupled to the ACsignal for generating an electromagnetic field. The method includesselecting components based on the low DC rail wireless power supply. Inparticular, the method includes selecting an AC/DC rectifier forgenerating a high DC rail voltage, selecting a switching circuit ratedfor switching the high DC rail voltage, selecting a tank circuit havingcharacteristics for generating an electromagnetic field similar to theelectromagnetic field produced by the low DC rail wireless power supplyin response to the high DC rail voltage.

The above description is that of current embodiments of the invention.Various alterations and changes can be made without departing from thespirit and broader aspects of the invention.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A wireless power supply for supplying powerto a remote device, said wireless power supply comprising: a rectifiercapable of accepting a first input voltage or a second input voltage,wherein said rectifier produces a rectified output from an AC source; asensor for detecting which of said first input voltage and said secondinput voltage is connected to said wireless power supply; a plurality ofswitching circuits each coupled to said rectified output without beingconverted by a DC/DC converter; a first tank circuit including a firstcapacitor and first inductor, said first tank circuit coupled to one ofsaid plurality of switching circuits, wherein characteristics of saidfirst tank circuit are selected for transferring power to a remotedevice as a function of said first input voltage; a second tank circuitincluding a second capacitor and second inductor, said second tankcircuit coupled to a different of said plurality of switching circuits,wherein characteristics of said second tank circuit are selected fortransferring power to said remote device as a function of said secondinput voltage, wherein said characteristics of said second tank circuitare different from said characteristics of said first tank circuit; amicrocontroller programmed to control inductive power transfer to saidremote device from a first or second tank circuit based on feedback fromsaid remote device, wherein said microcontroller is programmed tocontrol said plurality of switching circuits based on output from saidsensor.
 2. The wireless power supply of claim 1 including a low powerDC/DC converter coupled to said AC/DC rectifier and said microcontrollerfor converting said rectified output to DC in order to power saidmicrocontroller.
 3. The wireless power supply of claim 1 wherein saidmicrocontroller is powered by a battery.
 4. The wireless power supply ofclaim 1 wherein said microcontroller is programmed to control inductivepower transfer to said remote device by adjusting a resonant frequencyof said tank circuit.
 5. The wireless power supply of claim 1 whereinsaid microcontroller is programmed to control inductive power transferto said remote device by adjusting an operating frequency of saidswitching circuit.
 6. The wireless power supply of claim 1 wherein saidmicrocontroller is programmed to control inductive power transfer tosaid remote device by adjusting a rail voltage of said wireless powersupply.
 7. The wireless power supply of claim 1 wherein saidmicrocontroller is programmed to control inductive power transfer tosaid remote device by adjusting a duty cycle of said wireless powersupply.
 8. The wireless power supply of claim 1 wherein said rectifieris coupled directly to said switching circuit.
 9. The wireless powersupply of claim 1 wherein said feedback is communicated from the remotedevice to said power supply by at least one of reflected impedance oversaid tank circuit and a separate communication system.
 10. A method oftransferring wireless power from a wireless power supply to a remotedevice comprising: rectifying a first AC input voltage or a second ACinput voltage to produce a rectified output; detecting which of saidfirst input voltage and said second input voltage is connected to saidwireless power supply; switching said rectified output with one of aplurality of switching circuits, without converting said rectifiedoutput with a DC/DC converter, to produce an AC output; in response tosaid first input voltage being connected to said wireless power supply,using the AC output to inductively transmit power via a first tankcircuit to the remote device, wherein the first tank circuit includes afirst capacitor and first inductor, and the first tank circuit iscoupled to one of the plurality of switching circuits, whereincharacteristics of the first tank circuit are selected for transferringpower to a remote device as a function of the first input voltage; inresponse to said second input voltage being connected to said wirelesspower supply, using the AC output to inductively transmit power via asecond tank circuit to the remote device, wherein the second tankcircuit includes a second capacitor and second inductor, and the secondtank circuit is coupled to a different one of the plurality of switchingcircuits, wherein characteristics of the second tank circuit areselected for transferring power to the remote device as a function ofthe second input voltage, wherein the characteristics of the second tankcircuit are different from the characteristics of the first tankcircuit; controlling said inductive power transmission to the remotedevice from the first or second tank circuit based on feedback from theremote device, wherein the microcontroller is programmed to control theplurality of switching circuits based on which input voltage isconnected to the wireless power supply.
 11. The method of transferringwireless power of claim 10 including powering a microcontroller with alow power DC/DC step down converter.
 12. The method of transferringwireless power of claim 11 wherein said microcontroller is powered by abattery.
 13. The method of transferring wireless power of claim 10wherein said controlling includes adjusting a resonant frequency of thetank circuit.
 14. The method of transferring wireless power of claim 10wherein said controlling includes adjusting frequency of said switching.15. The method of transferring wireless power of claim 10 wherein saidcontrolling includes adjusting a rail voltage.
 16. The method oftransferring wireless power of claim 10 wherein said controllingincludes adjusting a duty cycle.
 17. The method of transferring wirelesspower of claim 10 wherein said feedback is communicated from the remotedevice to said power supply by at least one of reflected impedance overthe tank circuit and a separate communication system.
 18. A wirelesspower supply system comprising: a wireless power supply for inductivelytransmitting power to a remote device; said wireless power supplyincluding: a wireless power supply rectifier capable of accepting afirst input voltage or a second input voltage, wherein said rectifierproduces a rectified output from an AC source; a sensor for detectingwhich of said first input voltage and said second input voltage isconnected to said wireless power supply; a plurality of switchingcircuit coupled to said rectified output without being converted by aDC/DC converter; a first tank circuit including a first capacitor andfirst inductor, said first tank circuit coupled to one of said pluralityof switching circuits, wherein characteristics of said first tankcircuit are selected for transferring power to a remote device as afunction of said first input voltage; a second tank circuit including asecond capacitor and second inductor, said second tank circuit coupledto a different of said plurality of switching circuits, whereincharacteristics of said second tank circuit are selected fortransferring power to said remote device as a function of said secondinput voltage, wherein said characteristics of said second tank circuitare different from said characteristics of said first tank circuit; awireless communication receiver for receiving feedback from said remotedevice; and a microcontroller programmed to control inductive powertransfer to said remote device from said first or second tank circuitbased on said feedback from said remote device; wherein saidmicrocontroller is programmed to control said plurality of switchingcircuits based on output from said sensor; said remote device including:a wireless power receiver; a wireless communication transmitter fortransmitting feedback to said wireless power supply; a remote devicerectifier; and a load.
 19. The wireless power supply system of claim 18including a low power DC/DC converter coupled to said wireless powersupply rectifier and said microcontroller for converting said rectifiedoutput to DC in order to power said microcontroller.
 20. The wirelesspower supply system of claim 18 wherein said microcontroller is poweredby a battery located in said wireless power supply.
 21. The wirelesspower supply system of claim 18 wherein said microcontroller isprogrammed to control inductive power transfer to said remote device byadjusting a resonant frequency of said tank circuit.
 22. The wirelesspower supply system of claim 18 wherein said microcontroller isprogrammed to control inductive power transfer to said remote device byadjusting an operating frequency of said switching circuit.
 23. Thewireless power supply system of claim 18 wherein said microcontroller isprogrammed to control inductive power transfer to said remote device byadjusting a rail voltage of said wireless power supply.
 24. The wirelesspower supply system of claim 18 wherein said microcontroller isprogrammed to control inductive power transfer to said remote device byadjusting a duty cycle of said wireless power supply.
 25. The wirelesspower supply system of claim 18 wherein said wireless power supplyrectifier is coupled directly to said switching circuit.